Spain

In the Kingdom of Spain, European patentholders may take civil court action againstpossible infringers of their rights through therelevant legal proceedings. In exceptionalcircumstances, if a crime has beencommitted, a criminal action may bebrought. The administrative courts cannotbe petitioned to revoke a patent, since thecivil courts are competent for allproceedings relating to patents. TheSpanish courts also have exclusivejurisdiction to hear cases involving patentrights granted for Spain. Action may bebrought either in the court with jurisdictionin the territory where the defendant residesor in the competent court in the territorywhere the infringement was committed.